学生的四个层次

  我是不喜欢抨击中国式应试教育的,也不喜欢抨击美国式素质教育。写到这里时,我突然想到这社会的目光一致向素质教育看齐了,而我的态度只是“ 不想抨击它”罢了。
  
  判断一个教育体制的成败,得看成果:那就是所造就的学生。我把学生分四个层次,虽然我反对给任何事物分等级,无奈就物论物吧!

一、低手

  这类低手是应试教育的牺牲品,他们跟随老师填鸭式教学的模式而学习。最常听到的一句话是:“出来社会后把学校里学的东西都还给老师了”。拜托,老师们要你归还的那些没用的东西干吗?突然想起一件小事:2005年在学校里机房里学选修的网页设计,老师在讲如何用Frontpage制造精美的会动的字体,我偷偷地用代理工具下载了Dreamweaver来玩,居然被逮住并灌名为“好高骛远”。期末考试时我的网页设计这一科挂了,我根本无法用Frontpage花费一小时来设计一个Dreamweaver十分钟能搞定的页面,我不堪忍受那种冗余的代码。

二、中手

  美式素质教育中,老师所扮演的角色是“引路人”,他们充分发挥学生的个性并依据这种个体特性来给他们引路。换言之,学生走在一条“已经铺好的路子上”。有老师指名方向,他们所需做的只是去公共图书馆查资料然后完成课程而已。他们所学的技能是:知道如何寻找信息、如何学习和处理生活。到十八岁时已经老练得跟二十五岁的中国青年人没区别,除了基因以及喜爱高蛋白高糖食物外,我想教育也是重要因素。

三、高手

  虽然讲台上站着的是填鸭式教学的榜样,但依然能够独善其身,他们叛逆而且不想把青春用来学习无用之物,他们努力地吸取外在的知识。虽然他们没有完成老师们的“高升学率指标”,但事实证明他们是最能适应社会并成为社会栋梁的,因为他们在学校里学会了辨别事物的有用性和无用性,他们“高瞻远瞩”地认识到社会需要的不是文凭,而是实实在在地技能,于是他们走“旁门左道”地去“躲在防空洞里学习”。

四、宗师

  高手的特征是能逃避课堂学习而“走截径”地去学习“有用之物”。宗师的特征是“不逃避”,或者是“逃避不了”,因为他们坐在最前排而且很绅士,所以老师教什么他们就学什么,但他们从心底里知道必须要“出于污泥而不染”。他们生长在一个“有毒的环境里”但并没有受“侵害”。虽然他们没有解药比如拥有一个能明辩是非的父亲或是一些科学书籍。尽管如此,他们不断反省反思从而“屹立并活着”,他们甚至从“毒素”中提取出有用物质并制成“良药”。这种人的原创性极强。一旦给予一个良好的环境,比如说互联网知识宝库,他们一定会表现出惊人的创造能力和思想能力,正所谓“助已者天助”。这就是宗师级别的学生了。

  应试教育下锻造出来的宗师太少,相比之下存活率太低了,两极分化严重。宗师的能力太强,其他普遍是低手。这就是代价。

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